Middle Powers Seek Space in a Broken Order
The international system has entered one of those untidy historical moments when old labels survive longer than old realities. Many institutions built in the aftermath of the Second World War still function, but with diminishing authority. The vocabulary of alliances, blocs, deterrence, and
Arabian Seas Shape Power in an Uncertain Age
For years, the Arabian Sea occupied an awkward place in strategic discourse. It was too important to ignore, yet too familiar to dramatise. Policymakers focused on the Gulf’s narrow chokepoints, the South China Sea’s naval theatrics, and the Mediterranean’s diplomatic symbolism. The waters
Borderlands of Power and Passage in a New Era.
For much of modern statecraft, the frontier between Pakistan and Iran existed in policy imagination as a cartographic afterthought. It was a long, arid, politically delicate belt where sovereignty was asserted episodically, commerce moved informally, and governments looked inward rather than across. Security