Pakistan Between Tehran, Riyadh, Beijing and Washington
Pakistan’s Iran policy has always rested on a difficult proposition: that geography compels engagement with Tehran, economics requires accommodation with the Gulf, security prudence demands a working relationship with Washington, and long-term strategic insurance lies with China. For years, Islamabad managed these contradictions
Middle Powers Navigate Pakistan Iran Shift After Gulf Rapprochement
By : Shafqat Ali Qureshi The recalibration of relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran has quietly altered the diplomatic geometry of West and South Asia, creating ripple effects that extend far beyond the Gulf. For Pakistan and Iran, two states long positioned at
Islamabad Between Fire and Diplomacy in a Fractured Region
Iran’s hesitation to begin negotiations with the United States, even amid discussion of a ceasefire and the possibility of Islamabad serving as a diplomatic venue, reflects more than tactical delay. It is the product of strategic memory, ideological caution, domestic political management and
Public Perception of Pakistan Foreign Policy Neutrality Dilemma Explained
Pakistan’s claim to foreign policy neutrality amid intensifying Iran–Gulf tensions has become less a coherent diplomatic doctrine and more a contested narrative field in which public perception, strategic necessity, and ideological inheritance collide. What is officially presented as balanced engagement between rival regional